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CB-SEM

CB-SEM vs PLS-SEM: Which Structural Equation Modeling Approach Should You Use?

A clear comparison of covariance-based and partial least squares SEM, covering when each is appropriate, what reviewers expect, and how to run both for free in your browser.

October 13, 20264 min read

Structural equation modeling

How to Run Structural Equation Modeling Online for Free (No AMOS Needed)

A hands-on walkthrough of CB-SEM Studio, from loading survey data and drawing constructs to fit indices, mediation, latent moderation, modification indices and APA-ready exports.

October 13, 20265 min read

Popular free tools

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Independent Samples T-Test CalculatorFree two-sample t-test calculator with Student and Welch results, Levene’s test, 95% CI, Cohen’s d and Hedges’ g. Paste data from Excel.One-Way ANOVA CalculatorFree one-way ANOVA calculator with Levene’s test, Welch’s F, eta squared, omega squared and Tukey HSD post-hoc comparisons. APA tables in seconds.Chi-Square Test of Independence CalculatorFree chi-square test calculator from raw data or a contingency table: expected counts, Yates correction, likelihood ratio, Cramér’s V and residuals.Multiple Linear Regression CalculatorFree multiple regression calculator: B, SE, standardized beta, t, p, 95% CI and VIF for each predictor, with R², ANOVA and automatic dummy coding.Cronbach’s Alpha CalculatorFree Cronbach’s alpha calculator: reliability with 95% CI, standardized alpha, corrected item-total correlations and alpha if item deleted.PROCESS Macro OnlineRun Hayes’ PROCESS macro models 1 to 76 online, free: mediation, moderation, moderated mediation, bootstrap CIs and index of moderated mediation.CB-SEM Studio app (drag-and-drop model builder)Free CB-SEM app: draw your SEM model, run CFA and SEM by maximum likelihood, and get fit indices, CR, AVE, HTMT, mediation and modification indices.PLS-SEM Studio appFree PLS-SEM app: draw your model, run bootstrapping, test mediation and moderation, check HTMT and reliability, and run fsQCA. Nothing to install.Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) OnlineFree exploratory factor analysis online: KMO, Bartlett’s test, principal axis factoring, varimax rotation, scree plot and sorted factor loadings.Mann-Whitney U Test CalculatorFree Mann-Whitney U test (Wilcoxon rank-sum) calculator with mean ranks, z, exact or asymptotic p-value and effect size r. For ordinal or skewed data.Power Analysis and Sample Size CalculatorFree a priori power analysis for t-tests, ANOVA, correlation, proportions, chi-square and regression. Required sample size and power curve, like G*Power.Data Cleaning and Coding ToolClean and code data online for free: SPSS-style variable view, value labels, recode, reverse-code Likert items, missing values, duplicates and outliers.