Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test Calculator
Compare two related measurements without assuming normal differences. Small samples without ties get an exact p-value.
Updated · By Bibin XavierData 24 × 5
| Patienttext · 24 levels | Week_0numeric | Week_4numeric | Week_8numeric | Week_12numeric |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| P01 | 10 | 8.5 | 8.4 | 7.9 |
| P02 | 7.7 | 6.3 | 5.3 | 7.1 |
| P03 | 9 | 7 | 6.7 | 7.7 |
| P04 | 6.7 | 5.7 | 4.8 | 3.3 |
| P05 | 8.7 | 6.7 | 7.5 | 6.2 |
| P06 | 6.8 | 4.9 | 3.5 | 5 |
| P07 | 8.2 | 7.3 | 4.8 | 6.4 |
| P08 | 7.8 | 6 | 5.9 | 4.8 |
Variables and options
Results
24 rows · example dataRanks
| Week_4 − Week_0 | n | Sum of ranks |
|---|---|---|
| Positive differences | 1 | 1.0 |
| Negative differences | 23 | 299.0 |
| Ties (excluded) | 0 |
Note. Medians: Week_4 = 5.85, Week_0 = 7.00.
Test statistics
| W | z | p | Effect size r | Median difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | -4.24 | < .001 | .866 | -1.60 |
Note. Normal approximation with tie and continuity corrections.
Interpretation
Week_4 was significantly lower than Week_0 (r = .866, a strong effect).
How to cite this tool
Using these results in a thesis, journal article, report or class assignment? Please cite this free tool so others can find it. It keeps the site free.
APA 7
Xavier, B. (2026). Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test Calculator [Web application]. FreeStatisticalTools.com. https://freestatisticaltools.com/wilcoxon-signed-rank-test-calculator/
BibTeX
@software{xavier_wilcoxonsignedranktest_2026,
author = {Xavier, Bibin},
title = {Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test Calculator},
publisher = {FreeStatisticalTools.com},
year = {2026},
url = {https://freestatisticaltools.com/wilcoxon-signed-rank-test-calculator/},
note = {Web application}
}Suggested sentence for your methods section: “The analysis was carried out with the free Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test Calculator tool on FreeStatisticalTools.com (Xavier, 2026).”
What is the Wilcoxon signed-rank test?
The Wilcoxon signed-rank test compares two related measurements without assuming that the differences are normally distributed. It ranks the absolute differences and compares positive and negative ranks.
When to use the Wilcoxon signed-rank test
Use it for pre-post or matched data when differences are skewed or the outcome is ordinal.
Assumptions
- Paired observations.
- Differences roughly symmetric around the median.
How to use this tool
- Enter your data. Paste columns from Excel, Google Sheets or SPSS with variable names in the first row, or upload a CSV or Excel file. The example data shows the expected layout.
- Choose the variables. Select the measurement 1 and measurement 2.
- Read the results. Results update automatically. Read the plain-English interpretation, then use Copy table to paste APA-style tables into Word and Copy for the results sentence.
How to report the Wilcoxon signed-rank test in APA style
“Pain decreased from week 0 (Mdn = 7.1) to week 4 (Mdn = 6.0), W = 12, z = −3.94, p < .001, r = .80.”
Frequently asked questions
When do I use the Wilcoxon signed-rank test?
For before-and-after or matched-pair data where the differences are skewed or the outcome is ordinal.
How are zero differences handled?
Pairs with no difference are dropped, as in SPSS and R, and the number dropped is reported.
Does the calculator give exact p-values?
Yes, for up to 30 non-zero pairs without ties. Larger samples or tied data use the normal approximation with tie and continuity corrections.
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